Serious Illness And Disability Of The Workplace - 1926 Words

Serious Illness and Disability in the Workplace Serious, or chronic, illness and disabilities affect nearly 72 million working age adults, which is 39 percent of the working population in the United States (Tu and Cohen, 2009). Serious illnesses are ailments that are protracted, do not resolve spontaneously, and are rarely cured completely (Centers for Disease Control, 2009). Similar to serious illness, disabilities tend to be longer-term conditions. The Americans with Disabilities Act defines people as disabled if they have an impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities, a record of such impairment, or are regarded as having such impairment (United States Department of Labor, 1996). A diagnosis of a chronic illness does not automatically signal the end of one’s employment; people with chronic illness often continue to work during treatment and recovery (Beatty, 2012). Workplace schedules and structures help people maintain their normal life patterns, diverting their attention from the troubles of their ongoing illness (Beatty, 2012). Supportive social relationships with work colleagues can also help people cope with difficult, uncertain, and serious illness symptoms (Beatty, 2012). Maintaining employment is especially important for United States since 65 percent of the working population aged 16 to 64 have employer-provided group health insurance and are reliant on employer provided health care (Mishel, Bivens, Gould, Shierholz, 2012).Show MoreRelatedThe Goals Of Disability Management Programs1419 Words   |  6 Pagesand costly. Each year an estimated 270 million workplace accidents occur worldwide. The annual cost of these accidents is $1.25 trillion U.S dollars. Under the Canadian human rights legislation, employers have a â€Å"duty to accommodate individuals† as they return to work. Meaning those who are attempting to return to work following an injury or illness via change in job task and or the work environment to enable workers with temporary or permanent disability to perform work productively. In light of financialRead MoreA Brief Note On Chronic Illness And Disabilities2019 Words   |  9 PagesDiscussed and the Nature of the Issue Serious, or Chronic, Illness and disabilities affect nearly 72 million working age adults, which is 39 percent of the working population in the United States (Tu and Cohen 2009). Chronic illnesses are ailments that are protracted, do not resolve spontaneously, and are rarely cured completely (Centers for Disease Control, 2009). Similar to chronic illness, disabilities tends to be a longer-term condition. The Americans with Disabilities Act defines people as disabledRead MoreThe Effects Of Bipolar Disorder On Individuals, Families And Society1109 Words   |  5 PagesMental illness is a leading cause of disability in Canada. All Canadians are likely to be indirectly affected through a mental illness in a family, friend or colleague. Statistics showed that 1 in 5 Canadians experiences a mental health or addiction problem. (Mental Illness and Addictions: Facts and Statistics, n.d.). This report will be focusing on one of the more common mental illness — bipolar disorder. Bipola r disorder, also known as manic-depressive illness, is a serious medical condition thatRead MoreDiversity Analysis : Diversity Management Essay1040 Words   |  5 PagesOrganizations must integrate diversity in their thoughts, actions and innovations. Diversity in organizations goes beyond making numbers to how people are treated in relation to its business model. It’s a time-sensitive necessity in the current workplace. Diversity cannot be bought or lip serviced. Based on authenticity, diversity is people-centered. It responds holistically to the dire needs of both the employees and clients. Long term strategies must therefore be considered so that diverse talentsRead MoreEqual Employment Opportunity and Employee Rights Review Paper1352 Words   |  6 Pagesof discriminations. This allows organizations to focus on promoting employment based on a person’s abilities. The two laws chosen for review are the Pregnancy Act of 1978 and Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 . We will also discuss Drug-Free Workplace Act of 1988. Provide a General summary of each Law The Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978, was an amendment of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 that prohibited sex discrimination on the basisRead MoreList Nine Elements That Directly Impact The Work Environment : Excessive Workload Essay1237 Words   |  5 Pagestermination, or who are just unhappy in a job may resort to violence. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and many state laws prohibit discrimination against employees based on actual or perceived disability. Mental illness is included within the definition of disability. It is unlawful to fire someone solely because he or she has a mental illness. An employer also must reasonably accommodate employees with disabilities—including those who are mentally ill—to allow them to perform the essential functionsRead MoreThe State Should Stay Out of the Employment Relationship1504 Words   |  7 Pagesand safety (OHS) to prove the state should stay in the employment relationship. According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics, a work related injury survey indicated a 53 out of every 1000 wo rkers had experience some kind of injury or illness in the workplace (Alice 2012). Overall, this essay will make a conclusion; combine these two main points to argue that the state should stay in the employment relationship. Norris (as cited in Loudoun, Mcphail amp; Wilkinson, 2009, p.225) states that discriminationRead MoreMy Company Is an Equal Opportunity Employer Essay581 Words   |  3 Pagesdiscrimination. This includes discrimination based on disability. The company, therefore, makes sure that it observes the federal laws, which prohibits discrimination of applicant employees based on the disabilities regardless of their qualification. This law is known as the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). In fact, the company has a policy that ensures there is no discrimination against the qualified individuals, who have disabilities concerning the application procedures, advancement, hiringRead MoreFederally Mandated Employee Benefits Essay1061 Words   |  5 Pagesprovide financial support to workers and their families when workers retire, die, or become disabled. Medicare provides healthcare assistance to older workers and to people with long-term disabilities †¦ often referred to as FICA (Fede ral Insurance Contributions Act) or OASDI (old age, survivors, and disability insurance) for Social Security deductions and as MHI (Medicare hospital insurance)† (BLS.org, 2005). In other words, Social Security and Medicare provides for the needs of both individualsRead MoreInsurance Act of State Employees of 19481459 Words   |  6 Pageshospitals . Treatments can range from open heart surgery for the bone marrow transplant , kidney transplant , etc. An employee covered by the scheme for the first time are eligible for medical assistance for a period of 3 months. 2) for Illness Benefit Periodic cash payments made ​​to an insured person during the period of certified sickness occurring in a benefit period , in which IP requires medical treatment and attendance with abstention from work on medical grounds. An employee is

Shakespeare s Macbeth - Lady Macbeth - 1558 Words

Shakespeare’s Macbeth presents women wickedly especially Lady Macbeth (the main female protagonist). Throughout the play she is described very dominant. Women in Tudor times were soft and kind but Shakespeare dislocates it with Lady Macbeth. Moreover, women in Tudor times would stop a man from committing sin but Lady Macbeth goes ahead and encourages her husband into doing this (Macbeth). Lady Macbeth is portrayed as ambitious as she says ‘unsex me here’ which is very strong and powerful phrase and means she wants all her femininity weaknesses to be gone so she could be more like a man so she could do what Macbeth is hesitating to do (kill King Duncan) which shows she is ready to do anything to make her ambition true seem as Macbeth s manhood is lost. She is completely different from women in society at the time therefore gives me a negative impression also her appearance is not prominent as Shakespeare focuses more on her traits. Moreover, the phase un- is used a few times in the play as they try to take back what they had done realising their mistake but unfortunately for them its too late to stop them from manifesting in death. Furthermore, Lady Macbeth has a very persuasive tongue, by calling Macbeth not a man and questions his masculinity by saying ‘when you durst to do it you were a man’ which translates to; when you spoke to do it you were a man therefore she is persuading Macbeth. Shakespeare takes her character to a whole new level because back then men could beatShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth And Lady Macbeth965 Words   |  4 Pageswrong actions that lead to his or her downfall. The characters Macbeth and Lady Macbeth from the tragic book â€Å"Macbeth† demonstrates how influential the subconscious could be. â€Å"The Monster† that is depicted in Eminem song illuminates both Macbeth and Lady Macbeth’s subconscious. The first chorus of â€Å"The Monster† by Eminem, resembles Macbeth’s subconscious, â€Å"I’m friends with the monster†¦ Get along with the voices inside of my head.† Lady Macbeth’s voices are inside Macbeth’s head and they’re beginningRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth And Lady Macbeth Essay1619 Words   |  7 PagesFew couples in theatre can match the incessantly devoted yet poisonous marriage Macbeth and his wife share. Lady Macbeth and Macbeth’s combined ruthlessness allows them to climb to the top but also leads them to their deaths. Shakespeare creates a vision of Scotland where reality and dreams, the natural and supernatural, and the masculine and feminine constantly ebb into each other. Macbeth possesses remnants of the Renaissance’s interest in humanism and psychological exploration, leading to someRead MoreLady Macbeth: A Disturbed Character in William Shakespeare ´s Macbeth1467 Words   |  6 Pa gesThrough Lady Macbeths opening soliloquy in Act 1 Scene 5 she spontaneously gets portrayed as a disturbed character due to her treacherous and murderous planning she establishes after receiving the letter from Macbeth. This is noticeable when she says â€Å"the raven himself is hoarse that croaks the fatal entrances of Duncan under my battements† this signify that Lady Macbeth is steadfast to kill Duncan as she is aware that there is no other appropriate place to end Duncan then her own castle as no oneRead MoreLady Macbeth By William Shakespeare1520 Words   |  7 PagesLady Macbeth was not evil she was misunderstood Claim thou art, and Cawdor and shalt be what thou art promised. (Quote) In many of his plays, William Shakespeare portrays women as more virtuous than men. Lady Macbeth, strong ambitious women who’s confidence, faithful and capable of almost anything. For example, in endless love, we notice the endless love they both share for each other, where fate still brought them back together even after all the influences affecting jade’s life, the overpoweringRead MoreMacbeth : Lightness And Darkness988 Words   |  4 PagesMuratovic Mr. Tice Honors English 2 6 March 2017 Macbeth Essay: Lightness and Darkness Is the lightness and darkness combination, implemented by Shakespeare in the play The Tragedy of Macbeth, foreshadowing Macbeth’s downfall? As many can identify conspicuous examples of light and darkness through characterization, the play has many hidden foreshadowing signifiers. Although many overlook the imagery created through the light and darkness in Macbeth, Shakespeare places these examples strategically to makeRead MoreOverview of Macbeth1746 Words   |  7 Pagessurprisingly, Macbeth has received volumes of critical commentary over the years. Not only is the play an audience favorite, but its complex characterization, deeply woven themes, and characteristic Shakespearean style make it rich ground for scholarly inquiry. Critics such as Harold Bloom have remarked on the importance of Macbeth in the context of Shakespeare s works. In Shakespeare: The Invention of the Human, Bloom writes, The rough magic in Macbeth is wholly Shakespeare s; he indulges hisRead MoreMacb eth864 Words   |  4 Pagesimagination. In any piece of literature, imagery plays a significant role in illustrating the characters. In the play, Macbeth, written by William Shakespeare, the characters of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth are developed through the use of clothing, sleep, and blood imagery. Through the use of clothing imagery, Shakespeare exposes and develops the character of Macbeth. In the beginning, Macbeth is seen as loyal soldier of King Duncan. When presented with the title of Thane of Cawdor, he says Why do you dressRead MoreLady Macbeth By William Shakespeare1299 Words   |  6 PagesLady Macbeth was not evil she was misunderstood Claim thou art, and Cawdor and shalt be what thou art promised. (Quote) In many of Shakespeare’s plays, he portrays women more honourable than men. Lady Macbeth is one of the main antagonist, she’s a strong ambitious women who’s strives with confidence and capable of almost anything. For example in the winter tale, the main antagonist Hermonie, we can interpret that Hermione patiently despairing the dilemma within the hands of the dominant LeontesRead MoreThemes in Macbeth742 Words   |  3 PagesWithin Shakespeare s famous Macbeth there are many different themes that make the play the captivating masterpiece that it is. The role of the supernatural is a very important element of Shakespeare s Macbeth. Just as important, the theme of masculinity is very dominant. Both themes contribute to the play s unique and powerful nature, overall creating a very effective storyline, strong characters, and unexpected twists and turns throughout. In the time of William Shakespeare thereRead MoreLady Macbeth940 Words   |  4 PagesLady Macbeth Shakespeare, who was a writer born in Stratford-upon-Avon created many different plays, in which he always portrayed the woman as the â€Å"bad guy.† He was born in 1564 and he was a writer, actor and a dramatist. He wrote many plays, mostly revolving around tragedy such as: Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet and Macbeth. Shakespeare was a respected poet, and writer who received recognition after he passed away, April 23rd. 1616. One of Shakespeare’s well-known tragic plays ``Macbeth`` describes how

Taxation Theory And Practice Of The Law -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Questions: 1. Over the last 12 months, Eric acquired the following assets: an antique vase (for $2,000), an antique chair (for $3,000), a painting (for $9,000), a home sound system (for $12,000), and shares in a listed company (for $5,000). Last week he sold these assets as follows: antique vase (for $3,000), antique chair (for $1,000), painting (for $1,000), sound system (for $11,000) and shares (for $20,000). Calculate his net capital gain or net capital loss for the year. 2. Brian is a bank executive. As part of his remuneration package, his employer provided him with a three-year loan of $1m at a special interest rate of 1% pa (payable in monthly instalments). The loan was provided on 1 April 2016. Brian used 40% of the borrowed funds for income-producing purposes and met all his obligations in relation to the interest payments. Calculate the taxable value of this fringe benefit for the 2016/17 FBT year. Would your answer be different if the interest was only payable at the end of the loan rather than in monthly instalments? What would happen if the bank released Brian from repaying the interest on the loan? 3. Jack (an architect) and his wife Jill (a housewife) borrowed money to purchase a rental property as joint tenants. They entered into a written agreement which provided that Jack is entitled to 10% of the profits from the property and Jill is entitled to 90% of the profits from the property. The agreement also provided that if the property generates a loss, Jack is entitled to 100% of the loss. Last year a loss of $10,000 arose. How is this loss allocated for tax purposes? If Jack and Jill decide to sell the property, how would they be required to account for any capital gain or capital loss? 4. What principle was established inIRC v Duke of Westminster[1936] AC 1? How relevant is that principle today in Australia? 5. Bill owns a large parcel of land on which there are many tall pine trees. Bill intends to use the land for grazing sheep and therefore wants to have it cleared. He discovers that a logging company is prepared to pay him $1,000 for every 100 metres of timber they can take from his land. Leaving aside any capital gains tax issues, advise Bill as to whether he would be assessed on the receipts from this arrangement. Would your answer be different if he was simply paid a lump sum of $50,000 for granting the logging company a right to remove as much timber as required from his land? Answers: Answer 1 Issue The issue is to analyse the given information and to calculate the value of net capital gains or net capital loss for the taxpayer Eric. Rule As per section 108 -10 (2) of Income Tax Assessment Act 1997, jewellery, coins, books, painting, art work, any manuscript, or antique item would be classified as collectable. To be exempt from CGT (Capital Gains Tax), it is essential that the purchasing date of the items must be before September 20, 1985 or the buying price of the item must be less than $500. Further, it is noteworthy that the loss incurred on the sale of collectable would only be compensated with the capital gains that would result from the sale of collectable. If the taxpayer would not have any capital gains from collectable to offset these losses, then the capital loss would be shifted to next financial year (Gilders et. al., 2016). As per section 108 -10 (3) of Income Tax Assessment Act 1997, the capital loss incurred from the sale of any personal use asset would not be taken into account while calculating the net capital gains/loss. However, if the personal use asset has acquisition cost of higher than $10,000 then only the derived capital gains would be considered else not (Sadiq et. al., 2016). As per section 104 - 5 of Income Tax Assessment Act 1997, income derived from the sales of shares would be taken into account for CGT liability on the part of taxpayer. Further, if the shares are not held for more than 1 year, then the taxpayer is not liable for any discount on the calculation of net capital loss/gains (s. 115-25, ITAA 1997) (Deutsch et. al., 2016). Application Eric is the concerned taxpayer who purchased an antique vase, antique chair, and a painting for a cost of $2000, $3000 and $9000 respectively. He has sold an antique vase, antique chair, and a painting for $3000, $1000 and $1000 respectively. It is apparent that these items are collectable and also having the acquisition cost more than $500. Hence, Capital loss/ gain Antique Vase Antique Chair Painting Net Capital loss/ gain from collectable = The negative sign in the value represents that Eric has capital loss of sale of collectables. Eric has also purchased a home sound system for a cost of $12000 for her private use. Eric has sold home sound system for $11000. It is apparent that home sound system is an item of personal use and hence only capital gains would be taken into account. Capital loss/ gain The negative sign in the value represents that Eric has capital loss of sale of home sound system. He has also purchased shares in a listed company for a cost of $5,000. He has also received proceeds of $20,000 from the sale of shares. Capital loss/ gain The positive sign in the value represents that Eric has capital gains of sale of shares. Conclusion It can be said based on the above computation that Eric has capital gains of $15,000 from shares which would be taxed in the current year as per CGT. Further, the capital loss of $9,000 incurred due to collectables would be rolled over to the next year (to be adjusted against collectables capital gains) while the capital loss from personal use asset would not be incorporated in the computation of capital tax liability for Eric. Answer 2 Issue The issue is to find the taxable value of fringe benefits for the FBT year 2016/17. Rule When employer has provided benefits (non-cash) to employee for personal usage then these benefits are termed as fringe benefits as per FBTAA, 1986. The fringe benefits tax liability would be levied on the part of the employer (Woellner, 2014). In this regards, when an employer has provided monetary help to employee in terms of giving loan at zero rate of interest or lower rate of interest rate as compared with the statutory interest rate announced by Reserve Bank of Australia for the given assessment year, then there is incidence of loan fringe benefits. Further, it is noteworthy that when the employee has utilized the loan amount for earning income, then the interest amount paid by the employee would be tax deductible on behalf of the employer. Also, the taxable value in loan fringe benefits would be computed by taking the interest saving from loan fringe benefits (Nethercott, Richardson and Devos, 2016). Application It is apparent that employer bank has extended loan of $1 million to employee Brian at 1% per annum interest arte that needs to be paid in monthly payments. Provided interest rate (Annualised) = 1.0046% p.a. RBA statutory interest rate for FY2016/17 = 5.65% p.a. It is apparent that Bank has provided the loan at lower interest rate and hence, FBT liability would be applicable on the employer. Interest saving = Amount * (Provided interest rate RBA interest rate) = 1 * (0.0565 0.010046) = $43,960 From loan amount, 40% has been used for making income and hence, loan fringe benefit = (1 40%) * $43960 = $26,376 GST is not valid for loan and therefore, the value of gross up factor = 1.9608 (Gilders et. al., 2016) Grossed up value of loan fringe benefit = loan fringe benefit amount * gross up factor = 26376*1.9608 =$51,718.06 FBT liability = 51,718.06 *0.49 = $ 25,341.85 Further, if the interest amount has been paid by Brian at the end of loan completion period, then the value of taxable value of loan fringe benefit would be increased. This is because the employee would be benefitted since now the same amount has to be paid after a year (CCH, 2013). Also, the case when the Bank has asked Brian to not pay the interest on loan amount, then in such case Brian would be able to save the whole amount because he does not need to pay any interest. Therefore, the taxable value of loan fringe benefit would be highest and hence the corresponding FBT liability would also increase (Barkoczy, 2015). Conclusion FBT payable due to loan fringe benefits amounts to $25,341.85. Additionally, this value would increase when the interest needs to be paid at the completion of loan period. Further, the FBT liability becomes highest when bank releases Brian from doing payment of interest on loan. Answer 3 Issue The issue is to comment on the allocation of losses between Jack and Jill. Relevant law Section1, Partnership Act 1891 highlights the key conditions that are to be satisfied for a business arrangement to be classified as partnership. These are highlighted as follows. The carrying on of the business is essential which should not be equated with continuity of business activity (Playfair Development Corporation Pty Ltd v Ryan (1969) 90 WN (NSW)) (Sadiq et. al., 2016). Also, the business must give rise to mutual rights and obligations and the business is carried on behalf of the partners not individually but jointly. Also, in a partnership, if the agreement highlights that a given partner has share in profit and but would not share losses, then the same would not be upheld in court and the concerned partner would have to share losses in the same proportion as profits (Re Ruddock (1879) 5 VLR (IP M) 51) (Deutsch et. al., 2016). Profit motive must be present in the business activities (CCH, 2013). Application Partnership exists between the two individuals (Jack and Jill) as joint borrowing of the money is observed which in case of joint venture would have been done individually. Repetition of business activity is not imperative as highlighted in the above section. Also, profit motive is clearly present here. Also, even though partnership agreement puts all losses on Jack but he would share only 10% while Jill would share 90% of the losses. Conclusion The capital losses between partners would be allocated in the same proportion as the capital gains or profits. Thus, the capital loss or regular loss will be borne by Jack and Jill in the ratio 10:90. Answer 4 Issue The core concern is to outline the relevance of the decision pertaining to IRC v Duke of Westminster[1936] AC 1 case in Australia at present. Relevant law and Application The key principle outlined in mentioned case pertains to the taxpayers rights to make relevant arrangement for lowering the tax liability. In effect, this case legalised tax avoidance. As a result, in ITAA 1936, no provision on anti-avoidance was present which was enabled only in 1981 due to rampant abuse and the rise of individual income levels (Barkoczy, 2015). Gradually the scope of these provisions has expanded on account of the wide interpretation provided by the court but the burden of proof still lay on the Tax Commissioner (CCH, 2013). However, in 1980, the Choice principle was outlined by the honourable court which restricted the use of tax avoidance by exhibiting only the choices offered by the ATO rather than working creative arrangements exploiting tax loopholes. Further, in 2006, promoter penalty system was introduced which targeted the promoters of schemes for tax avoidance. Thus, in the recent time, a plethora od measures have been taken to prevent abuse of the princip le established (Deutsch et. al., 2016). Conclusion Then,, while the principle of tax avoidance still remains intact but various provisions have been introduced in Australia so as to check the abuse of the same and impose reasonable restrictions in this regard. Answer 5 Issue The issue is to offer a legal advice to Bill about the nature of income which is derived from the two given cases. Case 1: When he has appointed logging company to remove the timber from pine tree with an amount of $50,000 (lump-sum). Case 2: When he has appointed logging company to remove the timber from pine tree and pay him $1000 for each 100 meter of timber removed. Rule The provisions of section 26 (f), ITAA 1936 would be taken into account in the process of deciding the nature of income from right to fell timber operation. The amount or say royalty amount derived from right to fell timber would amount to assessable income for the same tax year in which the operation of timber removal has been done. The amount tends to be considered as assessable income of taxpayer regardless of fact that taxpayer has been not involved in the forest operation. The McCauley vThe Federal Commissioner of Taxation(1944) 69 CLR 235 case highlights this (Woellner, 2014). There are two main factors that would be considered in this regards. If taxpayer has offered another party to extract the timber for lump-sum amount irrespective of the size of timber removed, then the income is not termed as assessable income of taxpayer. The Stanton v The Federal Commissioner of Taxation(1955) 92 CLR 630 case is the evident of this aspect. Further, if taxpayer has received an amount wit h respect to the amount of timber removed, then it considered assessable income of taxpayer (Nethercott, Richardson and Devos, 2016). Application It can be seen that taxpayer Bill is not running any forest operation and in order to make land suitable for sheep grazing he has decided to remove the pine tree. Therefore, in case where he has decided to appoint logging company to remove timber for $50000 irrespective of total amount of timber removed, the proceeds received would not result in assessable income. However, the case where, the income is received per 100 meter of timber removed, the proceeds would amount to assessable income of Bill as per section 26 (f). Conclusion The conclusion can be drawn that when Bill has received lump-sum amount ($50,000) then the amount would not classified as assessable income. However, when he is receiving the income ($1000) per 100 meter of timber removed, then this would contribute to the assessable income of Bill as per section 26 (f). References Barkoczy,S. (2015), Foundation of Taxation Law 2015, 7thed., North Ryde: CCH Publications CCH (2013), Australian Master Tax Guide 2013, 51st ed., Sydney: Wolters Kluwer Deutsch, R., Freizer, M., Fullerton, I., Hanley, P., and Snape, T. (2016), Australian tax handbook 8th ed., Pymont: Thomson Reuters, Gilders, F., Taylor, J., Walpole, M., Burton, M. and Ciro, T. (2016), Understanding taxation law 2016, 9th ed., Sydney: LexisNexis/Butterworths. Nethercott, L., Richardson, G. and Devos, K. (2016), Australian Taxation Study Manual 2016, 4th ed., Sydney: Oxford University Press Sadiq, K, Coleman, C, Hanegbi, R, Jogarajan, S, Krever, R, Obst, W, and Ting, A (2016) ,Principles of Taxation Law 2016, 8th ed., Pymont:Thomson Reuters Woellner, R (2014), Australian taxation law 2014, 7th ed., North Ryde: CCH Australia